Boyles Law Definition in Chemistry

Boyles law states that the pressure of an ideal gas increases as its container volume decreases. Chemist and physicist Robert Boyle published the law in 1662. The gas law is sometimes called Mariottes law or the Boyle-Mariotte law because French physicist Edme Mariotte independently discovered the same law in 1679. Boyles Law Equation Boyles law is an ideal gas law where at a constant temperature, the volume of an ideal gas is inversely proportional to its absolute pressure. There are a couple of ways of expressing the law as an equation. The most basic one states: PV k where P is pressure, V is volume, and k is a constant. The law may also be used to find the pressure or volume of a system when the temperature is held constant: PiVi PfVf where: Pi initial pressureVi initial volumePf final pressureVf final volume Boyles Law and Human Breathing Boyles law may be applied to explain how people breathe and exhale air. When the diaphragm expands and contracts, lung volume increases and decreases, changing the air pressure inside of them. The pressure difference between the interior of the lungs and the external air produces either inhalation or exhalation. Sources Levine, Ira. N (1978). Physical Chemistry. University of Brooklyn: McGraw-Hill.Tortora, Gerald J. and Dickinson, Bryan. Pulmonary Ventilation in  Principles of Anatomy and Physiology  11th edition. Hoboken: John Wiley Sons, Inc., 2006, pp. 863-867.

The Foundations Of Buddhism By Rupert Gethin - 1417 Words

There are many different definitions and views of Buddhism and many of these views and definitions vary from each other. A quick internet search reveals all the different definitions of Buddhism and some of them may not even be correct or have a scholarly perspective. A five minute Google search reveals one definition which we will take a look at: †¦[T]he Buddhist path can be summed up as: (1) to lead a moral life, (2) to be mindful and aware of thoughts and actions, and (3) to develop wisdom and understanding.† Now while this definition may not be incorrect one could also say that it is not correct either, at least in the form of scholarly perspective. I will compare this definition found via Google and critique it to a more scholarly view of Buddhism. I will use examples from Rupert Gethin’s The Foundations of Buddhism, and compare certain aspects of Buddhism and compare it to the definition found via Google. I will give a brief overview of my points and compare it to an aspect of the Googled definition. One thing to take note of is that some aspects that I will be taking about can be applied to the Google Definition in different and various ways. For example, I could compare attachment found in Buddhism to the different aspects of the Googled definition in different ways or it could be seen as a unifying t heme. The first point in the Googled definition about â€Å"leading a moral life† is not entirely incorrect nor is it correct either. While â€Å"leading a moral life†Show MoreRelatedBuddhism And The Human Condition1289 Words   |  6 Pagesinsightful and irrefutable fact of life. The human race’s continuous inability to grasp the concept of life as suffering has led to the erroneous and often western misconception that Buddhism is an inherently cynical religion. This ethnocentric line of criticism, however, ignores the rewarding and deeply spiritual facets of Buddhism that attempt to enrich one’s life by mitigating dukkha. The Buddha’s Four Noble Truths reflects this understanding, and serves to remind adherents that life is suffering and thatRead MoreTannisho: Master of Shin Buddhism1195 Words   |  5 PagesThe Tannisho are the teachings of Shinran, Master of Shin Buddhism, which is a form of Shingon or Esoteric Buddhism. Shin Shingon Buddhis m is also known as Pure Land Buddhism. This school of thought, therefore, comes out of the Mahayana tradition. It holds that the Dharma has become too corrupt to lead anyone on Earth to nirvana. Instead, there are â€Å"Buddha fields† (Gethin, 263) that one can be reborn into and obtain freedom from samsara through nirvana there. Through the Tannisho Shinran explainsRead MoreHow Buddhism Has Changed Essay1643 Words   |  7 PagesHow Buddhism Has Changed Albert Einstein once said, â€Å"Buddhism has the characteristics of what would be expected in a cosmic religion for the future: it transcends a personal God, avoids dogmas and theology; it covers both the natural spiritual, and it is based on a religious sense aspiring from the experience of all things, natural and spiritual, as a meaningful unity.† I though this quote was an interesting beginning into seeing how this ancient religion changed over the course of its existence

Changes to Womens Rights Since 1945 free essay sample

Also, women had limited opportunities to voice their concerns and interests in public places and suffered against abusive family situations. This began to change when feminists started to libber against these inequities. Employment before 1945 showed many inequalities between men and women due to differences in wage and unfair rights. The Equal Pay Case of 1972 was an event that sparked during the 70’s due to inequalities of wages between men and women. The Whitlam government introduced the minimum wage for both genders as a start for equality in the workplace. Another thing the Whitlam Government introduced was free tertiary education for all women allowing social mobility. This opened doors to a wider range of jobs like medicine, nursing, or law and gave women a chance to be independent. The Anti Discrimination Act of 1985 was a law made to prohibit discrimination based on gender or pregnancy for everyone from employers to co-workers or in public areas. We will write a custom essay sample on Changes to Womens Rights Since 1945 or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Although the equal pay case was not a complete success, introducing the minimum wage, free tertiary education and the anti discrimination act was a major success in changing women’s rights. Women had limited voices to discuss issues of equality in politics. This changed when feminists such as Germaine Greer wrote and encouraged women to be politically active. The Women’s Electoral Lobby (WEL) was formed in 1972, which advocated for childcare and maternity leave. In 1975, the Whitlam Government elected a women’s representative Elizabeth Reid to address women’s rights in the political arena. Politics has changed immensely since 1945 as women politicians started to rally for women’s rights. Social change was a major change in women’s rights from 1945 as different ideas and views were being voiced to force change. In 1961, the introduction of the Birth Control Pill was a major event that affected many working class women. This pill gave women the chance to take control of their own body and lives as they can now move into the workforce without the problems of leaving due to giving birth. Also, the new laws like the No Fault Divorce of 1975 and the changing of the rape laws in 1981 helped women escape abusive relationships and prohibited men from divorcing their spouse for no reason. The introduction of the pill and new laws gave women more control and safety to women and this was a major change in women’s rights from 1945.

The Poet By Michael Connelly Essay Research free essay sample

The Poet By Michael Connelly Essay, Research Paper The Poet By Michael Connelly The Poet is about a hunt for a consecutive slayer that the FBI names # 8220 ; The Poet # 8221 ; due to this individual # 8217 ; s signature of coercing the victims to compose suicide notes in the signifier of a quotation mark from Edgar Allen Poe. Jack McEvoy, a newspaper newsman from Denver, is the brother of a victim who was killed by the Poet. In an effort to revenge his brother # 8217 ; s decease McEvoy, and the FBI, organize a nation-wide manhunt in hunt of this cunning illusory slayer. The Poet begins with the Rocky Mountain Newspaper newsman Jack McEvoy being informed of his twin brother # 8217 ; s self-destruction. As two of the investigators from the Denver constabularies section who besides worked with Sean McEvoy in the Crimes Against Persons unit inform McEvoy of the incident, he instantly has uncertainties about his twin # 8217 ; s alleged self-destruction. We will write a custom essay sample on The Poet By Michael Connelly Essay Research or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Seeking to better understand what his brother did and what the Denver PD says his brother did, Jack McEvoy decides to compose a narrative for the paper about his brother. From this point on McEvoy began to larn about immorality in a new manner. Sean McEvoy was discovered in his auto in a parking batch at Bear Lake, and the park Texas Ranger who discovered him came instantly after he heard the gunfire to happen him dead. The research workers came up with the information that Sean had placed the gun inside his oral cavity and killed himself. Due to the high emphasis that Sean # 8217 ; s colleagues and healer had experienced him in due to the current homicide probe, the instance was closed and it was ruled a self-destruction. Jack investigated his brothers decease and the farther he got into the instance the more hints he found proposing disgusting drama. The concluding line written on the interior of the windscreen by Sean McEvoy was # 8216 ; Out of Space out of Time. # 8217 ; Jack linked the epitaph with the concluding entry in the chronological record of the instance his brother was working on which read merely that he # 8217 ; d received a call from an unknown beginning and so: RUSHER was written. The connexion was made by McEvoy to a similar self-destruction instance in Chicago where a detective # 8217 ; s last words written on a tablet were # 8216 ; Through the pale door # 8217 ; taken from an Edgar Allen Poe narrative titled # 8220 ; The Fall of the House of Usher # 8221 ; in which the chief character is Rodrick Usher. As McEvoy used this information about RUSHER, he besides related his brother # 8217 ; s line # 8216 ; Out of Space out of Time # 8217 ; to a Edgar Allen Poe verse form cal led # 8220 ; Dream-Land. # 8221 ; Sean McEvoy was profoundly involved with the probe of the homicide of a immature grownup named Teresa Lofton who was found in a public park with her organic structure wholly cut in half. The instance seemingly extremely disturbed McEvoy, to the point of seeking curative advocate. Mrs. McEvoy besides noticed a different hubby following his deep engagement in the Loftin instance. Although the above factors played into the diagnosing of a self-destruction, the cognition of Sean # 8217 ; s assertiveness, and finding contributed to Jack McEvoy # 8217 ; s find of the false belief of the PD # 8217 ; s diagnosing. The facts taking up to the re-opening of the probe of Sean McEvoy # 8217 ; s decease, were determined by his brother Jack McEvoy, and had everything to make with the offense scene analysis. The auto Sean was found in was his clandestine constabulary auto. The auto had security locks on the rear doors, and the process was to ever maintain the security locks engaged. If the officer takes a nonprisoner in the auto they can ever withdraw the locks. Jack # 8217 ; s theory to turn out that a slayer was in the auto with his brother was that the slayer had disengaged the security locks, leting him to conceal and so get away out the rear doors. This theory proved true as Jack and a investigator named Wex took another expression at Sean # 8217 ; s auto. Jack had another theory about how the words # 8216 ; Out of Space out of Time # 8217 ; came to be written on the foggy windscreen. Fog merely occurs on the interior of autos when either people are speaking or when it is cold outside and th e heat is turned up. As Jack and Wex were reevaluating the offense scene they besides noticed that the heat was turned off, finding that two people were speaking to each other before the slaying. The linked instance in Chicago besides proved to be really interesting to Jack. Along with the Poe quotation mark, other similarities were found in the victimology and with jobs in the offense scene. Larry # 8220 ; Legs # 8221 ; Washington was the spouse and friend of the investigator who purportedly committed self-destruction, Jumpin # 8217 ; John Brooks. Harmonizing to Larry, due to a few facts he doubted the constabulary section # 8217 ; s diagnosing of his friend # 8217 ; s self-destruction from the really get downing. Brooks was involved in a homicide probe of a immature black kid who was viciously murdered. The immature male child # 8217 ; s organic structure was besides found in a public park viciously mutilated and the slayer had non been found, which greatly impacted Brooks. Brooks, like Sean McEvoy, besides sought reding due to occupation and life emphasiss. Brooks besides was noted to be extremely self-asserting and determined to win. Larry and Brooks were African Am ericans that grew up together in one of the worst ghettos in Chicago. McEvoy thought it was a miracle that they both survived the horrid childhood due to the conditions they faced daily, which besides supported the decision of the victim # 8217 ; s want to populate. Larry new first manus that they had worked their manner out of snake pit and he knew that Jumpin # 8217 ; John was non about to travel back by his ain manus. Looking at the offense scene another factor seemed awry. The gun that killed Jumpin # 8217 ; John fired two shootings, one in the floor and one in his oral cavity. Larry Legs seemed to believe the first shooting was the liquidator killing John and the second was to acquire the GunShot Residue ( GSR ) on John # 8217 ; s manus. Now with two alleged self-destruction instances being reopened, Jack and Larry agreed that there is a high possibility that there is a consecutive slayer out at that place killing bulls and doing it look like a self-destruction. McEvoy deci ded to see if he could carry the Law Enforcement Foundation to let him to look through their records of constabulary self-destructions to perchance happen if there were other victims. With the aid of a Foundation employee, Jack got entree to the constabulary self-destruction records. McEvoy found 13 files that could perchance be related to his brother and the Chicago instances and narrowed them down to six related instances. By this point Jack was working with the FBI on an understanding to non compose the narrative until they caught the slayer, or until a leak in the instance came out. The other four instances that correlated with Sean # 8217 ; s decease and Jumpin # 8217 ; John # 8217 ; s decease all were investigators who seemed to be profoundly disturbed by a specific homicide instance. They each had a line of Edgar Allen # 8217 ; s poesy in their # 8220 ; suicide notes. # 8221 ; When the FBI agreed upon the connexion between each of the six investigators, the nation-wide manhunt became official authorities concern. The FBI produced an official chronological victimology study sing the slayer they now named The Poet. 1. Clifford Beltran, Sarasota County Sheriff # 8217 ; s Dept. , homicide WM, DOB 3-14-34, DOD 4-1-92 Weapon: S A ; W 12 gage scattergun One shot-head Pod: abode. No informant Poe quotation mark: # 8220 ; Lord, assist my hapless psyche # 8221 ; 2. John McCafferty, Baltimore Police Department, homicide WM, 47 old ages old Weapon: service, pistol Two shootings, one impact-Head Pod: abode. No informant Poe quotation mark: # 8220 ; the febrility called life is conquered at last # 8221 ; 3. John Brooks, Chicago Police Department, homicide BM, DOB 7-1-54, DOD10-30-93 Weapon: service Glock 19 Two shootings, one impact-Head Pod: abode. No informant Poe quotation mark: # 8220 ; through the pale door # 8221 ; 4. Garland Petry, Dallas Police Department, homicide WM, DOB 11-11-51, DOD 3-28-94 Weapon: service, Beretta 38 Two shootings, two impacts-Chest and Head Pod: abode, No informant Poe quotation mark: # 8220 ; Sadly, I know I am sheared of my strength # 8221 ; 5. Morris Kotite, Albuquerque Police Department, homicide HM, DOB9-14-56, DOD 9-24-94 Weapon: service, S A ; W 38 Two shootings, one impact-Head Pod: abode. No informant Poe quotation mark: # 8220 ; Haunted by ailment angels # 8221 ; 6. Sean McEvoy, Denver Police Department, homicide WM, DOB 5-21-61, DOD 2-10-95 Weapon: service, S W 38 One shot-Head Pod: auto. No informant Poe quotation mark: # 8220 ; Out of infinite out of clip # 8221 ; Jack McEvoy and the FBI composed a theory as to why the slayer was making what he was making. They thought the wrongdoer committed the first homicide in order to pull a homicide investigator in the frame. The first putting to death was used as come-on, presented in such a manner as to pull a homicide investigator # 8217 ; s compulsion leting the slayer to put up the self-destruction scenario. As McEvoy and the FBI traveled to Denver to look at the most recent offense scene, they received a call from Quantico. The call stated that the field office in Phoenix responded to the qui vive they had posted about The Poet. The information was about a Phoenix investigator # 8217 ; s alleged self-destruction, who had been working on a instance sing the abduction and slaying of an eight-year-old male child. The male child who they knew as Little Joaquin, was abducted one-month prior and the lone thing the constabulary found was his caput. The plane they were in diverted to Phoenix to take a expression at the investigator # 8217 ; s organic structure before the funeral service. With really small information to travel on the agents and McEvoy received the brief from the Phoenix PD investigator in charge. Of class the offense scene was disguised to look like a self-destruction, but there were a few factors from the offense scene that did non suit. The first was the fact that William Orsulak had been coming to the office for 20 old ages with his hair parted on the left and when they found him his portion was on the right, left intuition among the look intoing investigators. Besides, they checked the victim # 8217 ; s oral cavity for GSR and they found an unknown substance that they had yet to place. The substance included some sort of animate being fat with a powdered Si in it, but they had non yet determined the beginning of this substance. The 3rd factor that led the investigators to doubt Orsulak # 8217 ; s self-destruction came from his spouse Jim Beam. Apparently, Beam and Orsulak had spoke sing self-destruction, and Orsulak had told him that he had a p articular aureate slug set aside for himself if needed. When they searched Orsulak # 8217 ; s house they found that the slugs discharged were the section issued lead slugs and the aureate slug was found in a drawer next to his bed in his sleeping room. The finding factor was the note found in Orsulak # 8217 ; s script, which read # 8220 ; Mountains tumbling evermore / Into seas without a shore. # 8221 ; Agent Thomas discovered another factor in his overview of the organic structure in the morgue. He had taken exposures of the victim # 8217 ; s finger and thenar, demoing little perforations. They concluded that this was due to the Poet hypnotising the victims. They besides linked the mesmerism with the substances they found in the blood showing of the victims. Each of the victims had things in their blood runing from cough sirup to prescription drugs, which could heighten a topic # 8217 ; s susceptibleness to hypnosis. Rachel Walling was an agent in charge of the probe, explained the hypnosis theory to McEvoy. Apparently Walling, the agent in charge of the full operation Bob Backus, and a few others had interviewed a few violent felons in a # 8216 ; colza undertaking # 8217 ; at Raiford Correctional Institution in Florida. They learned about hypnosis from a colza felon in prison who used to make hypnosis on people at county carnivals. Horace the Hypnotist would pick a kid from the audience and while another act was traveling on he would hypnotise the kid and ravish them and so pass over their memory during hypnosis. Horace claimed to utilize codeine as an foil in the kid # 8217 ; s imbibe before hypnosis. Rachel besides told McEvoy of the # 8216 ; unknown substance # 8217 ; found in the victim # 8217 ; s oral cavity. They suspected that this consecutive slayer was utilizing a rubber to hold sex with his victims and the lubrication from the rubber was what was being found in their oral cavities. The field agents in Florida pieced together the first of the Poet # 8217 ; s homicides. The agents theorized that Poet knew Beltran. This was due to the location of the scattergun used to kill him. Harmonizing to studies after his decease the Smith and Wesson shotgun that detective Beltran swallowed was kept on a top shelf of a cupboard out of site. Another of import fact that the agents found was that Beltran knew the immature victim who # 8217 ; s homicide he was look intoing at the clip of his decease through a local societal services plan called Best Pals. The agents theorized that Beltran could hold been the male child # 8217 ; s molester, and that Beltran had besides molested his slayer, the Poet. From the beginning of the book The Poet, William Gladden a liquidator and paedophile has been followed. Gladden served clip with Horace the Hypnotist in Raiford, which brought out the possibility of Gladden killing both the kid and the investigators. Gladden was arrested and so found to hold killed a hotel amah, this brought some attending to himself in the Los Angeles country. During his apprehension a digital camera was confiscated. The agents closed in on Gladden with the cognition that he supports himself with the images of immature kids and perchance of the investigators, and that he would hold to replace the camera. They set up a sting operation at the camera shop where Gladden had ordered the camera. Jack McEvoy wholly screwed the sting operation by conveying agent Thorson a cup of java into the camera shop, while he was on ticker for Gladden. Gladden, dressed as a adult female, came to acquire the camera. As agent Thorson attempted to pull his arm, Gladden took out a knife and stabbed Thorson in the cervix killing him. Gladden had McEvoy and the shop director as sureties until the FBI threw a concussion bomb in the window. Gladden did non respond in clip to screen himself from the blast and one time McEvoy regained himself he saw the gun lying on the floor and dove for it. In a conflict for the arm McEvoy ended up hiting Gladden twice. The shootings fatally wounded Gladden. The little conversation Jack had with Gladden before the FBI threw the bomb in did non do sense to him. Gladden said # 8220 ; killing your brother was the lone manner to salvage him from going like me. # 8221 ; McEvoy concluded that from their conversation that Gladden likely was killing kids and non big investigators. McEvoy traced phone records to who he thought was The Poet, Rachel Walling. As he brought this cognition to Bob Backus, the lead agent in charge of the probe, he found out he was wholly incorrect. Backus took him to a house overlooking LA, and so he took control of him and hypnotized him. Just before Backus sexually gratified himself with McEvoy, Rachel busted in and took Backus down. She shot him and he took a long autumn through a window down into some trees. The constabulary neer recovered his organic structure and he is believed to still be on the tally. I neer even considered Backus as The Poet. He led a life wholly split in two and as Rachel said # 8220 ; the wall between his two lives was every bit thick as a bank vault door. # 8221 ; The lone hints that led to the apprehension of Backus # 8217 ; secret life led to a perfectionist male parent, who was besides an influential FBI agent. A high school friend came frontward and said Backus confided in him that when Bob would wet his bed as a kid his male parent would manacle him to a bathroom towel saloon in the shower. Besides, Backus # 8217 ; former bride to be stated that he would do her shower instantly before and after doing love. Another penetration into how Backus worked was the missive the FBI received from The Poet written to Bob Backus. Clearly admiting that there were two separate persons within Backus. Backus besides must hold thought that he was smarter than everyone to believe he could perpetrate these offenses and non acquire caught. McEvoy # 8217 ; s theory of why he thought Rachel was The Poet could besides take to an apprehension of why Backus perchance did what he did. He knew Rachel and Backus interviewed Horace and Gladden in prison and the violent death could hold started because he was penalizing Beltran for making Gladden. The inquiries of location of the offenses, and of mode of the offenses can be theorized that Backus was really learned in offense scene probe and he was doing the incident expression like a self-destruction, while still sexually and emotionally satisfying himself with each of the victims. All the piece covering his dorsum with Gladden as his whipping boy. A really smart and controlled adult male covered a really disturbed single # 8217 ; s phantasies to the point when he couldn # 8217 ; t non move on them.